Long After The Sahara Was Green

Crossing Africa: An Unexpected Route

This passage over Africa was different, as the plane veered east, deviating from the typical western route over France and Spain. We headed towards Germany, Switzerland, and Italy, leaving Genoa to the east to cross the Ligurian Sea, with the islands of Corsica, France and Sardinia (Sardegna), Italy, also to the east, before making landfall over Africa at Skikda, Algeria, a coastal city whose port has been a gateway between Europe and Africa for centuries. Constantine, the dramatic "City of Bridges" perched on a limestone plateau, shows prominently on my map, but it lies much further west of our route.

Pretensions to slumber never came, and one feature of the in-flight maps was missing: the detailed "Flying over..." section that leaves me mesmerised for hours on end. It offers snippets about places up to 250 kilometres away that I may never visit, yet I remain intrigued by their histories, geography, culture, and the people who have made those places their homes.

Above the Sahara

Soon, about four hours into the flight, we were already over the Sahara Desert. I expected to see an ocean of sand without form, stretching into the horizon, but I was in for a surprise.

This place looked as if it were once verdant, the land carved through as rivers sculpt landscapes, as if Eden decided to relocate to the Amazon, took its goods, but left the house bare. I have since learnt that this intuition was remarkably accurate: the Sahara was indeed a green, fertile landscape during the African Humid Period (approximately 11,000 to 5,000 years ago), supporting rivers, lakes, forests, and diverse wildlife before orbital shifts and climate feedback mechanisms transformed it into the desert we see today.

Yet a barren landscape it is not. The circles that resembled cylindrical containers, arranged in patterns clearly indicating human intervention, were in fact irrigation systems in the desert, humanity's ingenious attempt to recreate what nature once provided across the entire region.

I did not spot an oasis from above anywhere from Algeria into Niger. This is a harsh place, where daytime temperatures can soar to totally uninhabitable levels.

Settlements and Landforms

My map showed named settlements within 50 kilometres of our flight path: Djanet, known for its proximity to the UNESCO-listed Tassili n'Ajjer plateau with its ancient rock art; Ghat, a Tuareg town near the Libyan border that has served as a trans-Saharan trade post for centuries; and Tamanrasset, the largest city in southern Algeria, as we flew towards Agadez in Niger, once a crucial caravan centre and sultanate on the trans-Saharan trade routes.

I see alpine landforms, but not of ice. These are gullies eroded by winds rather than water, dunes drawn by the hand of nature, moving as if alive, and they surely are.

A Desert Redefined

A desert is more than its definition. It offers another perspective: the presence of hardy species of flora, fauna, and animal life that thrive in what we might consider impossible conditions.

As we continued south, the landscape gradually shifted. Flying over Nigeria, I caught sight of place names that stirred something deep within me: Jos, the highland city built by tin miners; Bukuru, where I attended primary school; Rayfield, where we lived; and Vom, the veterinary centre where we took a school trip. These are places emblematic of my childhood, each one a marker of memory suspended between earth and sky.

Now, flying past Douala, Cameroon, to catch a sight of the Gulf of Guinea, I realised something striking: from over 30,000 feet, some nine kilometres in the sky, there had been no clouds above the Sahara. Not a single wisp dipping its toes in that vast expanse. I suspect I need a deeper understanding of the ecology of that extraordinary place.

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When Schedules Don't Matter: Between Flight Times and Body Times

Journey Times and Assumptions

Now that I think of it, these things should not be left to guesswork. The assumption I had, and the reality were different things, even when traversing time zones. How I could have missed that timing escapes me, especially for a journey I have made so many times. This time, I saw it plainly: the flight information stated 11h25, not the 10h30 I always had in my mind and when talking to people about it.

I am looking forward to a long journey watching Africa displayed before me as my kind of long-haul flight entertainment. As aeroplanes do not get given speeding tickets in the air, we did Amsterdam to Cape Town in 10h28. The scheduled duration and actual flight time rarely align, yet I still find myself calculating based on what I think I know rather than what the timetable actually says.

The More Immediate Concern

Before settling into my seat, though, there was a more pressing matter to address. Using the customer assistance service meant I was one of the first to board the aircraft, and I went to the toilets first before returning to my seat to check the journey duration. It was then that I noticed the discrepancy in flight times.

The flow is low and feels constricted. Whilst the urgency is pressing, the initiation starts late and the duration is long, much longer than usual. However, there are times when it suddenly seems to unclog with the greatest ease and relief. I have noticed this in the past couple of days, and it elevates concern.

The trouble with bladder plumbing, a consequence of prostate cancer and radiotherapy treatment, is one I cannot ignore, even if I seem to manage it well. Though on Saturday, as I walked back home, I found neither refuge nor respite, no place to flash my "Just Can't Wait " card. Consequently, I wet myself. The incontinence underwear was no match for the torrential release.

A Saving Grace

The cover of darkness and the length of my winter overcoat became my saving grace, concealing the wet patch on my bright red chinos and sparing me the shame and embarrassment. What a relief when I eventually got home.

The usual dearth of facilities for people with conditions like mine is something I navigate daily, but Saturday reminded me how fragile that management can be. We make assumptions about many things: flight times, the availability of toilets, our own bodies. Sometimes reality has other ideas.

A Google NotebookLM AI Audio Overview Discussion of this blog

Photons on the Prostate - Three Things I Wish I'd Known

Full Disclosure

Despite what you read in this blog, I believe the choice to undergo hypofractionated radiotherapy as my treatment option for malignant adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland (prostate cancer) was the right choice.

After the ordeal of a prostate cancer diagnosis, gruelling radiotherapy, and years of dealing with lingering side effects, you would think I am done with reading up on issues around prostate gland health.

Now, I am glad to say it was caught early. I believe I received as good care and support as could be given by advisory and medical teams, and I am convinced that I chose the best medical outcome for my situation.

3 Hidden Problems With Radiation Treatment for Prostate Cancer
© The Prostate Clinic

Unsolicited Advice and Misinformation

In the same vein, I am usually offered tips, hints, and advice about prostate health; mostly information shared on social media, none peer-reviewed by experts in either urology or oncology to prove their efficacy. The impressions are mostly anecdotal.

My father, for instance, has mostly been swindled or scammed by snake oil salesmen offering miracle potions to treat his prostate problems that medical science has been at pains to prove he ever had. We are left humouring him when it might be prudent to sternly upbraid him. He is educated and had a high-profile professional life; he should know better.

The Prostate Clinic Revelations

Recently, I have been following The Prostate Clinic, a YouTube channel hosted by Dr Charles Chabert, a urologist in Queensland, Australia, and it has taken a few days to properly digest what he had to say.

In July 2024, I met with consultants in surgery and radiotherapy for prostate cancer. Later, I spoke to a support worker at Prostate Cancer UK who opined I should opt for Active Surveillance or Watchful Waiting over the active treatment suggested at diagnosis. Even after reading up on extensive material and sharing my journey in a series of blogs, I had to manage my consumption of information to avoid being overwhelmed into stasis.

The Question of Sufficient Information

The question then becomes: how much more information, detail, reports, studies, and research should one access before knowing without any shadow of doubt you are making the right decision, all things being equal?

You are told so much going into treatment but not nearly enough about the aftermath, it would seem.

Three Hidden Problems

The Australian urologist addressed the aftereffects of radiotherapy on the prostate that could leave you concerned about several things, of which sexual dysfunction has been a recent blog topic. He called them “3 Hidden Problems With Radiation Treatment for Prostate Cancer”, suggesting why we should not opt for radiotherapy.

When the prostate gland is irradiated, it could damage the surrounding tissue connected to the bowel (radiation proctitis, very graphic, the pictures can cause distress) and bladder (radiation cystitis) systems. Irradiating the prostate gland shrinks, scars, and can make it fibrotic, leading to two other consequences: limited salvage options or progressively reduced sexual function.

Complications and Salvage Treatments

Complications might arise if there is a local recurrence of cancer, making salvage activity quite difficult. This portends more impactful consequences for the patient and radical alternatives for bowel movements. Salvage treatments are better managed post-surgery than post-radiotherapy, where options are severely limited.

The state of the prostate gland after irradiation means that sexual function will increasingly diminish. This touches on erectile dysfunction and reduced ejaculatory performance. These are weighty matters that make you wonder if you had known all this before you commenced treatment, whether you would have made that choice.

Managing Side Effects

Again, the issue with choosing any treatment comes down to how you perceive you can manage the side effects. For surgery, they are immediate, whilst for radiotherapy they are progressive.

The possible loss of total sexual function, because the consultant surgeon had already indicated my prostate was too enlarged to guarantee the salvage of any nerves, immediately made that option a non-starter. I was not going to wait and see what a malignancy was going to do in my body through Active Surveillance; it would never have been an option for me.

My Choice

Choosing radical radiotherapy was the most comfortable choice in my circumstances. Though having an additional prayer point before I had my prostate gland zapped might have made this discovery less of a surprise and caused less concern.

Ultimately, I believe I did the right thing and will make the best of the good fortune I have to enjoy life and write better stories, with cancer behind me. I thank God.

Check your Prostate Cancer risk in 30 seconds.

Blog - Men's things XXXI: Can Intimacy Be Reclaimed After Prostate Cancer?

Blog – Photons on the Prostate - A year from starting radiotherapy

Blog - A prostate cancer diagnosis, one year on

Blog - Men's things - Prostate Cancer blogs

A Google NotebookLM AI Audio Overview Discussion of this blog

Taking Praise to the Bank

The Grace of Acceptance

In life, whatever you do, whether by nature, through practice, or by good fortune, compliments do not come easily. Perhaps they do for others; however, what matters most is having the grace to accept those encomiums when you have been appreciated.

Yet sometimes familiarity makes praise seem either mundane or biased. I am occasionally embarrassed by how Brian compliments me; the thought crosses my mind that he cannot possibly be talking about me. His words can be effusive and quite adoring. I suppose a sense of modesty suggests it is too much, whilst a feeling of inadequacy implies I have not yet reached the standard for which the applause has been loudest.

An Unexpected Exposure

Then this afternoon, a work conference segued into a conversation between two. Idle banter touched on many things, and then she said, “I found your blog.” She had been searching for information when the results led her to my blog. Shock and surprise on my part brought the realisation that I had been exposed.

However much we try to compartmentalise our lives through secrecy, segmentation, or even sequestration, we can only be so successful when we leave footprints online. I got my first email address in 1994, just as I began a subscription to CompuServe. My identity number is just about to slip from memory in the present — I remember it now.

The Weight of Recognition

Not only had she learnt a great deal about me, in blogs spanning almost 23 years, but she also appreciated my writing: my use of language, and the ease of reading. She enjoyed everything she had read and pleaded with me not to stop blogging. Amid this deluge of compliments, I was close to blushing.

There is no day when I do not receive compliments, usually from strangers, and I respond with thanks. It is different when a colleague at work, who knows you in a particular setting and character, sees another side of your expression and acknowledges, commends, praises, and compliments that aspect of your art. You want to take it to the bank and cash it.

Cashing It In

In this case, I have taken it to the bank of this cache of over 4,250 blogs and cashed it in as an acknowledgement. Brian has always maintained that I can make a blog out of the simplest moments or interactions. This is one of those instances. Thank you—you know who you are.

The Evolution of my Blog from 2003.

A Google NotebookLM AI Audio Overview Discussion of this blog

Coronavirus streets in Manchester - LXXIX: Reading the Signs We Miss

The Streets of Manchester

The fascinating people that live in this city or visit it never cease to captivate me. Whilst I do attempt to be inconspicuous, I nearly always fail to blend in, but the attention usually brings compliments that I am glad to accept with gratitude.

The streets of Manchester bring both the familiar and the revealing. Looking at the health dashboard for the north of England, there have been outbreaks of measles and other respiratory viruses, but COVID-19 remains six years on.

I take Coronavirus vaccine boosters twice a year because it is an evolving virus with strains, we have literally forgotten to keep track of. I'm on the take-your-jabs side of the debate.

An Arresting Entrance

Attending a function yesterday, someone arrived late enough to be noticed in more ways than one. First, it was her blonde hair with red highlights and bows to the left and right, very much as one would have imagined Heidi would look, or a traditional Kellnerin (beer maid) at Oktoberfest.

Her dress was purple and slightly body-hugging, and her shoes were platform boots, the type that makes your gait look like a plod. Each footstep was an ungainly stamp, not so much soldiering but what you might observe from a horse in canter.

Her face had a chubby, childlike quality, but it left us wondering if she had left a face mask on, because it seemed unlikely that this was the result of make-up application.

A Mystery Unfolds

An intriguing personality, you might think. You had the urge to introduce yourself and then found yourself tongue-tied, unsure which of the thousand questions coursing through your thoughts to ask first.

After she sat down, it became obvious that she was unsure of what to do. I plucked up the courage to walk across the room to tell her that food was being served around a corner in the longer part of the hall. She seemed to prefer a sprint to a walk, even in this enclosed space, displaying an unnecessary urgency that drew concerned attention.

Even after several people tried to engage her, none came away with her name, who she was, where she came from, or who she was wearing for either fashion or make-up. I doubt anyone paid compliments, and if anything commendable were said, it might have been along the lines of, “You're quite brave to leave home like that.” Everyone wondered who had broken all the mirrors and reflective surfaces in her home; I dare not say care home.

Reading the Signs

In retrospect, many of the signs were there. The sprint across the room when a walk would do, the inability to engage in small talk, the preference for group activities that required no conversation, even the styling choices that perhaps made perfect sense to her but read as incongruous to others.

These weren't eccentricities designed to provoke or performed awkwardness for effect. They were markers, perhaps, of someone navigating a neurotypical social space with a neurodivergent compass.

The unnecessary urgency, the difficulty with eye contact and introduction, the retreat into structured activities like dancing where the rules are clearer and the social demands more predictable; all of this suggested someone for whom these gatherings are both desired and exhausting. Someone who wanted to be there but lacked the social scaffolding that others take for granted.

The Enigma Departs

Later, she got involved in the dancing and some other activities you could do in a group without having to chat to anyone. She remained a mystery, an enigma of sorts, and we left nonplussed. She might have decided on being the girly doll version of Chucky.

She was Black.

A Google NotebookLM AI Audio Overview Discussion of this blog

Men's things XXXI: Can Intimacy Be Reclaimed After Prostate Cancer?

The Unspoken Battle

It is the unspoken conversation, one I have barely had with myself and definitely not with others, including my partner, my medical and cancer support teams.

When I was diagnosed with malignant prostate cancer in June 2024, the first physical urge that left me was sexual desire, as though someone had just kicked me in the balls. It wasn't pain, just a numbness of confusion and incapacity.

Preparing for the Obvious

Even for a man with African heritage and no need for machismo, I have been open about the bowel and bladder issues. I was quite read up on them and ready to attend to the matters concerned. I didn't want a catheter insertion for whatever reason, but incontinence underwear? I was ready to model it for men of a certain age and body, if necessary. I do like my underwear, and I have used linings too; the situation is manageable.

However, on the sexual part—the big mammoth in the room—I have ignored its presence and viewed it as part of the weight-bearing structure of that space, insignificant if it played dead and never moved. But 17 months after radiotherapy, with all things looking good, the mammoth is awakening from its imposed hibernation.

Weighing the Options

If I wanted sex, and I enjoyed sex, this diagnosis exacerbated and crystallised the ideas of sexual dysfunction in my mind.

In choosing the option for treatment, I first spoke to the consultant surgeon about the radical prostatectomy procedure. A year before, a men's advocate who had undergone it explained that the expert surgeon was able to save the nerves necessary to retain some sexual functions.

The surgeon was quite candid with me: my prostate gland was so enlarged that he couldn't guarantee anything could be saved of my nerves until he was in there conducting the surgery.

Imagining the Aftermath

As this procedure is conducted under general anaesthetic, the prospect of waking up to a surgeon trying to express happiness and sadness in the same facial expression was one I was not intent on seeing.

His professionalism and years of experience might have given him the skill as a comic piece, but it would have been a joke at my expense. “Mr Akintayo, we successfully removed the prostate gland. However, your sex life is gone; you're impotent. But we can make some interesting toys for you, to have some sensation and other elements of pleasure.”

I'd be crying tears of joy for being free of cancer, catheter inserted as there is no urinary control for months, finding where my pelvic floor is, and living happily ever after.

Then I ask, even if this smacks of medical paternalism: should surgeons be more proactive in discussing sexual health outcomes?

Learning from Others

Another friend had undergone the procedure a few years before. He, a straight man, came to me to seek advice about the kinds of sex I know. Much as I could have helped, I felt he needed to join a men's support group to appreciate the experiences of men in similar circumstances before thinking of this, because his views were explorative to my hearing, rather than developed.

From that surgery discussion, I knew it was not for me. At the same time, I needed that cancer excised because, whichever way you look at it, dead men do not have sex.

Another question arises: how do cultural expectations of manhood affect seeking the essential prostate health check-ups first, before considering the treatment decisions and recovery?

Radiotherapy and Its Consequences

As I took radiotherapy, the immediate and enduring side effects have been bladder related, with a few bowel issues. My sex drive is depleted by being unsure of ability and compounded by lacking confidence. It is also not something that can be addressed with bravado.

As you can read, I am tackling this issue alone because I do not understand this vulnerability enough to appreciate the kind of help I need.

The Medication Dilemma

Yes, I can get erectile dysfunction medication and pop pills like sweets, but that not only becomes a prop; it does not address the emotional and mental issues. Rather, it becomes a legalised version of chemical sex, getting a prescription from a pharmacist instead of illicit drugs delivered by a dealer.

The question then becomes, how many highs can I have before drug-induced priapism or severe hypotension with the risk of death is the danger?

Furthermore, because it has been offered, is the medical establishment over-reliant on pharmaceutical solutions rather than psychological support?

Rethinking Intimacy

As men, we are fixated with erection and penetration as the full expressions of sex; the absence of either or both feeds a kind of sexual frustration for the person and their partner. Does sex become a distant memory rather than a present experience with a hopeful better consummation, or are damaged goods being repackaged for a partner with different expectations?

For gay men, where physical intimacy and sexual expression often form central parts of identity and connection, the loss can feel particularly acute. The dynamics of same-sex relationships, where both partners understand male sexuality from lived experience, can create a unique space for empathy and shared problem-solving.

Yet it can also mean both partners acutely feel the absence of what was, and the uncertainty of what might be possible. The fear of being seen as “broken” or inadequate in a community that sometimes prizes sexual vitality can compound the isolation.

For straight men, the challenge often involves navigating conversations with partners who may not fully grasp the psychological weight of erectile dysfunction on male identity. There's the added pressure of traditional gender roles and expectations around male performance.

Meanwhile, bisexual men face both sets of pressures, depending on the gender of their partner, alongside navigating healthcare systems that may not fully recognise or address their specific concerns.

Regardless of sexual orientation, the fundamental question remains: how do you maintain intimacy and connection when the language of physical expression you once spoke fluently becomes halting and uncertain?

Confronting the Fear

Yes, I have literally thought through all this with a clear indication that I probably need to re-engage with a support system that would address many of the pertinent issues after treatment for prostate cancer. The questions are not abstract; they are real issues in existing relationships.

You might wonder, if I have managed the bowel and bladder issues that well, why am I struggling with the sexual one? Whether we like it or not, it defines, to a certain degree, manhood, manliness, performance, and self-esteem. Maybe, just maybe, this is part of the fear that stops us black guys from talking about men's things.

One last question: are Black men receiving adequate support and information about sex, sexual health, and sexual expression after cancer treatment?

Moving Forward

Yet we need to talk. Prostate cancer cannot be the last story, and navigating a way to fulfilled sexual satisfaction after prostate cancer treatment must not be greeted by the shock of the experience, but by the hope of new possibilities through therapy, support, and understanding.

How intimacy changes in relationships is a journey that has no clear answers for both parties, and that might not be the prospect a partner desires in what looked amazing before cancer struck and stole our virility.

Check your Prostate Cancer risk in 30 seconds.

Blog - Men's things XXX: Let's talk Prostate Cancer

Blog – Photons on the Prostate - A year from starting radiotherapy

Blog - A prostate cancer diagnosis, one year on

Blog - Men's things - Prostate Cancer blogs

A Google NotebookLM AI Audio Overview Discussion of this blog

The Bottleneck Paradox

Breaking Free from Groupthink

The tendency for us to participate in groupthink can lead to stifling our ability to see things from a different perspective. Then sometimes, I suffer from an inclination to see things from a different perspective first, before seeing the blatantly obvious.

As readers of my blog might have observed in my debunking of the half-glass-full or half-glass-empty debate, this only matters in what is in the glass. You cannot judge my sense of optimism or pessimism from the notion of the glass without examining its contents.

The Contents Matter Most

If the glass contains fine wine, it would likely be half empty because I am enjoying the drink and, by inference, it will remain half full, or full, if I cannot abide the taste, quality, or bouquet of the wine poured in it.

My wine example could spark debate about whether I am proving my point or demonstrating confirmation bias, yet it is in what the glass contains that we can deduce the state. Just as if I knew the glass contained poison, it would remain half full.

This morning, in an engagement with a colleague, he expressed concern that an activity might cause a bottleneck. Here again is the tendency in all definitions to see a bottleneck as a problem.

Reframing the Bottleneck

According to the AI Overview my browser provided, “A bottleneck is a point of congestion in a system—such as production, software, or computing—where a single component's limited capacity restricts the overall speed, throughput, or performance. Similar to the narrow neck of a bottle, it causes delays, reduces efficiency, and creates backups, often requiring the slowest part to be upgraded or optimised to improve the entire process.”

Without thinking twice about it, I responded, “Bottlenecks are good; they make the difference between getting the drink in the glass and spilling it everywhere.” Surely, that is a beneficial feature of bottlenecks and the reason why we do have real bottlenecks, as opposed to bottlenecks in application, production, or business processes, on computers, or in networks or traffic.

Those versed in systems thinking might, in this case, distinguish between designed constraints (intentional bottlenecks), which follow my response, and emergent ones (system failures), which engender the broader definition.

Reconsidering Received Wisdom

There might be other situations where the restriction of flow helps direct and concentrate resources to achieve an aim. These are worth considering further.

The other argument might suggest that the definition of bottleneck has evolved well beyond its original meaning. Just remember, when happy and gay literally meant the same thing.

Yet the situations where received wisdom suggests the negative deserve review from another perspective. There is often more to it than what we have been schooled to accept as the only truth.

Blog - Half of a quarter full of an eighth empty (October 2004)

Blog - Pour the wine and don't you whine (May 2024)

A Google NotebookLM AI Audio Overview Discussion of this blog